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Wine Basics: Glossary
Acidity: Indicates the quality of tartness, sourness and sharpness in the wine. Wines that have a lot of acid can be described as tart or sharp, while wines with too little acid can be described as flat or lifeless. Appelation: A recognized wine growing region like the Napa Valley. Aroma: Almost a synonym for bouquet, aroma is sometimes used to describe the grapelike smell of young wine, as opposed to the more complex smell of a mature wine. Balance: The interplay between sugar, acid and tannins. When a wine is in balance, no one element overpowers the others - they are in perfect harmony. Big: Describes a wine that has full, rich flavors. "Big" red wines are often tannic. "Big" white wines are generally high in alcohol and glycerin. Body: The sensation of weight that a wine leaves on the palate. Wines that are watery or thin are called light-bodied while rich wines with complex flavors are considered full-bodied. Medium-bodied wines lie somewhere in between. Bouquet: Describes the fragrance of a wine. Sometimes used to specifically denote a complex smell, rather than a simple grapelike smell. Buttery: Is associated with some white wines, notably California Chardonnays. It refers to both flavor and texture. Citrusy: Describes aroma and flavor reminiscent of citrus fruits. Most often detected in white wines made from grapes grown in cooler regions of California or other countries. Complex: Used to describe a wine that has a number of discernable characteristics rather than one or two. Good wines that have aged well will be complex wines with multiple layers and nuances of bouquet and flavor. Corky: Refers to an unpleasant musty odor or taste in wine, often caused by a moldy cork. Crisp: Describes a wine that has a fresh, pleasing tartness and acidity. Generally used to describe white wines. Decant: The process of separating sediment from wine by slowly pouring bottled wine into a carafe or decanter. Usually only older red wines need to be decanted. Dry: Describes a wine that isn't sweet because all the sugar has been converted to alcohol. Dull: Describes a wine that is uninteresting and lacks excitement and zest. |
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